Mutual Aid: A Factor in Evolution

In ‘Mutual Aid’, Peter Kropotkin attacks the use of Darwinism as a social theory, arguing that cooperation is as important as competition, and had led to the highest achievements of the human race. Examining animals, indigenous societies, medieval cities, and the modern era, Kropotkin demonstrates the importance of cooperation and collective enterprise to evolution and survival, and as a means to social justice. This edition includes Kropotkin’s extensive notes which are at the end of each chapter.